Extractives & Minerals Processing

Extraction of minerals, metals, coal, oil, and natural gas. Fugitive methane, diesel equipment, land disturbance, and process emissions are the primary sources.

SICS Industries

MQCMining, quarries and coal

Mining of coal, metal ores, quarrying, and support activities

OGOil and gas

Crude petroleum extraction, natural gas extraction, support activities

Scope Emission Diagram

Click any node to view its emission profile. Scope 3 Upstream sources on the left feed into Scope 1 & 2 direct/indirect emissions at center, which flow to Scope 3 Downstream on the right.

Mini Map
Scope 3 Upstream
Scope 1 & 2
Scope 3 Downstream

Dual Framework Coverage

GHG Protocol Scope 3

Upstream (Cat 1–8)

Cat 1
Purchased Goods & Services(high)
Cat 2
Capital Goods(high)
Cat 3
Fuel & Energy-Related Activities(high)
Cat 4
Upstream Transportation(medium)

Downstream (Cat 9–15)

Cat 9
Downstream Transportation(high)
Cat 10
Processing of Sold Products(high)
Cat 11
Use of Sold Products(high)
Cat 12
End-of-Life Treatment(medium)

Carbon Measures / PACT PCF

pcfExcludingBiogenicfull

Dominant fossil emissions from fuel combustion and process sources

pcfIncludingBiogenicpartial

Limited biogenic content — primarily land rehabilitation revegetation

primaryDataSharefull

Mining operations have good primary data for fuel use and production volumes

dqrfull

Mining sector has mature emissions monitoring and reporting practices

Full Partial N/A

Direct & Indirect Emission Sources

Scope 1Direct Emissions

Diesel Haul Trucks & Excavatorshigh

Heavy diesel equipment for open-pit and underground mining operations

450 t CO2e / truck / year (large haul)

Blasting & Explosivesmedium

CO2 and NOx from detonation of ANFO and emulsion explosives

120 t CO2e / mine / year

Fugitive Methane (Coal/O&G)high

CH4 released from coal seams during mining; methane venting and flaring at oil/gas wells

5–15 m3 CH4 / t coal mined

Gas Flaringhigh

Combustion of associated gas at oil production sites

400 t CO2e / well / year (average)

On-Site Diesel Generatorsmedium

Backup and primary power generation at remote mine sites

85 t CO2e / generator / year

Mineral Processinghigh

Emissions from crushing, grinding, smelting, and heap leaching

Variable by mineral type

Scope 2Indirect Energy

Mine Grid Electricityhigh

Grid electricity for crushers, mills, conveyors, ventilation, and pumping

10,000–100,000 MWh / mine / year

Smelting/Refining Electricityhigh

Electricity for electrolytic refining (copper, aluminium, zinc)

14,000 kWh / t aluminium

Reference Implementation

The Extractives & Minerals Processing reference implementation lives in the Open Footprint repository under the following directories:

openfootprint/industry/extractives/metals_mining/openfootprint/industry/extractives/oilgas_upstream/openfootprint/industry/extractives/oilgas_midstream/openfootprint/industry/extractives/oilgas_downstream/
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